Gene-Based Neuromodulation
Abstract Gene therapy, the delivery of therapeutic genes to the nervous system to restore function, represents a promising alternative approach for the treatment of neurologic disorders for which pharmacotherapy and…
MRI Safety and Neuromodulation Systems
Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been utilized in the clinical setting for more than three decades. During this time, the technology has continued to evolve to improve image quality,…
Advances in Invasive Brain–Computer Interface Technology and Decoding Methods for Restoring Movement and Future Applications
Abstract Many advances have been made in the field of invasive brain–computer interface (BCI) technology in recent years, including improved implantable microelectrodes, better-performing neural decoding algorithms, and the development of…
Noninvasive Brain–Computer Interfaces
Abstract This book chapter gives an overview of noninvasive brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) that replace, restore, enhance, supplement, or improve human functions. Each of the sections in the chapter is dedicated…
Invasive Brain–Computer Interfaces for Functional Restoration
Abstract Persons with movement and communication impairment due to neurological injury can have function restored through brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) combined with appropriate prosthetic end effectors. Invasive BCIs record cortical activity…
Prospects for a Robust Cortical Recording Interface
Abstract The development of a stable intracortical recording electrode has tremendous implications for the rapidly expanding field of neuroprosthetics and, more broadly, brain–machine interfaces (BMIs). A variety of microelectrode designs…
Brain–Computer Interfaces: Why Not Better?
Abstract Implanted brain–computer interfaces (iBCIs) have made impressive advances since the first human proof-of-concept demonstrations. Humans with long-standing paralysis have been able to communicate by typing at productive rates and…
Designing Neuromodulation Devices for Feedback Control
Abstract This chapter focuses on neuromodulation systems that leverage feedback control to adjust stimulation properties automatically. Most current neuromodulation systems provide open-loop stimulation, wherein stimulation parameters are static and unaffected…
Implantable Neural Stimulators
Abstract Implantable neurostimulators are the tools used by clinicians to execute the various and diverse neuromodulation therapies. Just as it is important for the engineers developing these stimulators to understand…
Electrodes for the Neural Interface
Abstract The electrode for the neural interface is the place where the independent systems of engineering and biology interact electrically for communication. It is a unidirectional or bidirectional channel through…
