Abstract Current therapeutic approaches for high-risk neuroblastoma include dose-intensive chemotherapy, surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions that are associated with long- and short-term toxicities. Immunotherapy utilizes mechanisms of action that are not…
Abstract Neuroblastoma is, at once, a common and a frequently deadly cancer seen almost exclusively in children. The prognosis for patients with neuroblastoma is best in those whose tumor burden…
Abstract Neuroblastoma diagnostic criteria and therapeutic options have been identified and implemented within the oncology clinical setting as best possible and in a timely manner following the ever-changing advances in…
Abstract The cancer stem cell paradigm is the idea that subpopulations of cancer cells exist within a tumor that are capable of self-renewal, multipotency, proliferation, and tumor maintenance. This subpopulation…
Abstract Energy metabolism refers to all the reactions involved in generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from nutrients, including both aerobic respiration (oxygen present), anaerobic respiration (fermentation) as well as fatty acid…
Abstract Tumors in neuroblastoma group offer one of the best models for investigating the biologically significant relationship between their genetic/molecular properties and morphologic manifestations. Over the past decades, histopathological analysis…
Abstract Improved understanding of the molecular changes involved in oncogenesis has generated considerable interest in developing therapeutic agents that target dysregulated pathways and malfunctioning or overexpressed molecules in cancer. This…
Abstract Disialoganglioside GD2 is highly expressed on neuroectodermal tumors and sarcomas, but only weakly expressed on limited normal tissues. It has been identified as a marker for a subset of…
Abstract Neuroblastoma is a solid embryonal tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. The clinical course of patients with neuroblastoma is highly heterogeneous, from localized tumors and spontaneous regression to early…
Abstract Monitoring the cerebral blood flow (CBF) is critical in patients with known neurological disease as well as in patients at risk of neurological damage in the perioperative period. Transcranial…
