Relevant Anatomy Brachial Plexus and Arm Nerve roots from C5 to T1 contribute to the formation of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, which branches to create the radial…
Brachial plexus injury (BPI) represents a severe and debilitating peripheral nerve injury often affecting young adult population carrying significant economic and social burden. The prevalence of BPI among multitrauma victims…
First introduced by Luiz Pimenta in 2001, the retroperitoneal transpsoas minimally invasive lateral interbody fusion (MIS LIF) is a safe and effective alternative to anterior or posterior approaches for lumbar…
Corpectomy for vertebral body metastasis restores thoracic spine alignment and stability, in addition to providing decompression in the case of spinal cord compression. In addition, optimal gross debulking of tumor…
Posterior stabilization of the cervicothoracic junction presents unique challenges to the spinal surgeon. This region of the spine is an area of transition. Anatomical characteristics of the spinal cord and…
Craniocervical fixation is used for the treatment of instability owing to several pathological conditions. Initial operative techniques to stabilize the craniocervical junction involved onlay fusion. Onlay fusion is effective but…
Iliac fixation adds biomechanical strength in situations where the lumbosacral junction is exposed to high shear forces. Lumbopelvic fixation should be considered to reduce strain on the S1 pedicle screws…
Anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a safe and effective treatment for cervical spondylosis refractory to nonoperative management. Despite excellent results, concern remains about the decreased neck range of…
Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for intradural extramedullary (IDEM) spinal tumors such as meningiomas and nerve sheath tumors. 1 The goal of surgery is complete tumor removal, thereby…
Intraplexal or extraplexal nerve transfer (neurotization) procedures are being increasingly used as a management alternative for high-grade upper-extremity peripheral nerve injuries with outcomes that are either equivalent or improved compared…
