Degenerative disease of the cervical spine can cause compression of neural elements through disk herniation, ligament and facet joint hypertrophy, and the formation of vertebral body end plate osteophytes. A…
The treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures continues to evolve with technological advances. The goals of surgical management, however, remain unchanged: decompression, realignment, and stabilization with a minimum number of motion…
In the past, total laminectomy without fusion was the standard method of decompression in cases of multilevel compressive myelopathy in the cervical spine. 1, 2, 3 It has been shown,…
Anterior approach to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) was initially explored in Germany in 1935, but pathology at this location has been known for centuries. 1, 2 Numerous conditions warrant at…
Patient Selection Lateral mass instrumentation remains a fundamental technique in the posterior stabilization of the cervical spine. The efficacy of this method of fixation is dependent on patient pathology, anatomy,…
Minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS) has undergone a renaissance over the past decade. Although current adoption has been limited to less than 10% because of its technical difficulty and learning…
In an effort to provide immediate postoperative stability to the anterior cervical spine in the context of cervical trauma, Böhler and Gaudernak described instrumented fixation of the cervical spine using…
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Dorsal exposures of the craniovertebral junction are common in neurosurgical practice. This exposure is used for many procedures, including the following: Decompression of the high cervical spine for congenital or…
Fig. 3.1 Headwork 1: ‘Talk-about’ cards relevant to the literature on IQ loss 3.3.2 Memory Loss After ABI There were numerous studies around memory and ABI in the literature reviewed—working memory,…
