Fig. 33.1 Hypothetical pattern of recovery after stroke with timing of intervention strategies. Reproduced by permission of Lancet [1] There are two main mechanisms of neurological recovery. The first is…
Fig. 31.1 Diagram explaining the different manifestations of post-stroke mood and emotional disturbances 31.2 Post-Stroke Pain One of the most troublesome sequelae of stroke is pain, which occurs in 19–74%…
Fig. 27.1 Survival rate after intracerebral hemorrhage. Kaplan-Meier curves showing mortality over 4 years of follow-up. Reproduced by permission of Neurology [14] Table 27.1 Potential reasons for the obesity-stroke paradox…
Study design Patients included No. of patients with ischemic stroke Intervention vs. control Mean time from stroke onset to randomization, h Outcome assessments Results Con studies against BP lowering…
Category Risk factors Non-modifiable risk factors Age, sex, race/ethnicity, low birth weight, family history of stroke/transient ischemic attack Well-documented and modifiable risk factors Hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, carotid…
Patient characteristics Treatment-related factors Cancer-related factors Older age Prolonged immobility Prior history of thrombosis Elevated leukocyte and platelet counts Acute infection Comorbidity Obesity Chemotherapy Hormonal agents Growth factors Antiangiogenic agents…
Fig. 35.1 A backup strategy of real-world evidences to make a better clinical practice guidelines by resolving current problems of randomized controlled trials. RCT randomized controlled trial, CPG clinical practice…
Period measured Optimal time (min) From ED arrival to emergency physician evaluation 10 From ED arrival to CT scan initiation 25 From ED arrival to CT scan interpretation 45 From…
Fig. 12.1 The approach to antithrombotic therapy for acute ischemic stroke patients with non-cardioembolic stroke. * Several guidelines suggest that early anticoagulation is not recommended Fig. 12.2 The approach to…
Fig. 29.1 Coagulation cascade with commonly used anticoagulants and their antidotes. FFP fresh frozen plasma, PCC prothrombin complex concentrates 29.1 Anticoagulant Agents 29.1.1 Warfarin Warfarin, also known as Coumadin, is…
