Fig. 3.1 Cost of sequencing a single human genome. Sequencing costs have fallen rapidly over the past five years as next-generation technologies become increasingly efficient. Graph is reproduced using data from…
Fig. 2.1 The panels display the new ‘layered’ approach to the diagnosis of malignant gliomas as suggested by the ‘ISN (International Society of Neuropathology) Haarlem consensus guidelines’ and revised World Health…
No patients Histology Extent of resection Median overall survival by group (months) Supportive care (mo) Chemoa (mo) Radiationb (mo) ChemoRTa (mo) BTSG 69–01 [13] (1978) 303 90% GBM, 9%…
NIH clinical trial Type Phase Eligibility criteria Primary outcome Dosing regimen Treatment groups NCT02311920 Checkpt 1 Newly diagnosed GBM Maximum safe dose In addition to TMZ, Arm I receives anti-CTLA4…
Fig. 18.1 Survival rates of glioblastoma patients by age groups [1] Endogenous Risk Factors The cell of origin of glioblastoma is thought to be a neural stem cell (Box 18.1), but risk…
Fig. 10.1 Molecular mechanisms of IDH-associated tumorigenesis. Wild-type IDH1/2 (wtIDH1/2) converts isocitrate (generated through the citric acid (TCA) cycle) into α-KG, producing NADPH in the process. Mutant IDH1/2 (mutIDH1/2) converts isocitrate…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Jennifer Moliterno Gunel, Joseph M Piepmeier and Joachim M. Baehring (eds.)Malignant Brain Tumors 10.1007/978-3-319-49864-5_17 17. Tumor-Specific Approach: Oligodendroglioma (IDH1 Mutated, 1p/19q Deleted) Charles Marc Leyrer1 , Erin Murphy1 and Manmeet Ahluwalia2 (1) 9500 Euclid Ave./T-28, Cleveland,…
Fig. 16.1 Schematic overview of a possible clinical decision algorithm outside clinical trials for infiltrative glioma. IDH isocitrate dehydrogenase; ATRX alpha thalassemia mental retardation X-linked; MGMT O6 methylguanine methyltransferase; G–CIMP glioma-CpG…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Jennifer Moliterno Gunel, Joseph M Piepmeier and Joachim M. Baehring (eds.)Malignant Brain Tumors 10.1007/978-3-319-49864-5_15 15. Glioma Radiosensitizers: Exciting New Developments and Directions Christopher D. Corso1 and Ranjit S. Bindra1 (1) Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale…
Fig. 5.1 Illustrative case of a 50 years-old frustrated left-handed patient diagnosed with a left frontal glioblastoma revealed by headaches and language disturbances. a Preoperative T1-gadolinium enhanced MRI, showing a large enhancing…
