Global Hypoactivity and Apathy

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Global Hypoactivity and Apathy

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Ana Verdelho and Manuel Gonçalves-Pereira (eds.)Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Cognitive Impairment and DementiaNeuropsychiatric Symptoms of Neurological Disease10.1007/978-3-319-39138-0_5 5. Global Hypoactivity and Apathy Olivier Godefroy1  , Mélanie Barbay1  , Daniela Andriuta1  , Mélissa Tir1   and Martine Roussel1   (1) Department of…

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EEG Instrumentation, Montage, Polarity, and Localization

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on EEG Instrumentation, Montage, Polarity, and Localization

Fig. 2.1 Pyramidal neuron Fig. 2.2 Parallel arrangement of the pyramidal neurons allows for summation of the individual potentials Cortical neuronal alignment effectively creates an electrical dipole. Whether a positive or negative…

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Normal EEG Variants and Artifacts

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Normal EEG Variants and Artifacts

Fig. 3.1 Fast alpha variant (arrow); sensitivity 7 μV/mm, low frequency filter (LFF) 1 Hz, high-frequency filter (HFF) 70 Hz Fig. 3.2 Slow alpha variant (arrows); sensitivity 7 μV/mm, LFF 1 Hz, HFF 70 Hz Harmonics of the…

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Neuroimaging in Epilepsy

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Neuroimaging in Epilepsy

Fig. 21.1 Axial FLAIR (a) demonstrates enlargement of the left lateral ventricle temporal horn and the left hippocampus is relatively smaller and hyperintense compared to the contralateral side. Note that the…

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EEG and Semiology in Generalized Epilepsies

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on EEG and Semiology in Generalized Epilepsies

Fig. 6.1 A generalized tonic-clonic seizure each EEG clip represents 20 s Fig. 6.2 Representation of ictal discharge during generalized tonic–clonic seizure which lasted for 1 min and 45 s. Figure 6.1 shows generalized spike-and-wave discharges…

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Epilepsy Surgery Assessment and Testing

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Epilepsy Surgery Assessment and Testing

Fig. 25.1 Right anterior temporal spikes Fig. 25.2 High-resolution MRI detects mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) in 80–90% of cases Her presurgical evaluation indicated that she was a good candidate for a right…

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Neonatal EEG and Neonatal Seizures

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Neonatal EEG and Neonatal Seizures

Fig. 4.1 Neonatal montage. Special montage—preterm or newborn with head circumference <35 cm Usually, 16 channels recording are done, which should include 2 or more non-cerebral channels. Non-cerebral electrodes include EKG, EMG, ocular,…

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EEG in Encephalopathy and Coma

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on EEG in Encephalopathy and Coma

Fig. 9.1 Triphasic waves in an encephalopathic patient. Notice the anterior-to-posterior lag in the second (positive) component of the triphasic wave (boxed) Fig. 9.2 Notice the posterior-to-anterior lag in the second (positive)…

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Physiologic Basis of EEG and Epilepsy

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Physiologic Basis of EEG and Epilepsy

Ion Intracellular (mM) Extracellular (mM) Equilibrium potential (mV) Potassium (K*) 140–150 5 –90 Sodium (Na*) 5–15 145 +60 Chloride (Cl) 4–30 110–125 –70 Synaptic transmission is the major mode of…

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Ictal and Interictal EEG

Oct 11, 2017 by in NEUROLOGY Comments Off on Ictal and Interictal EEG

Fig. 5.1 Two spikes (arrowheads) from the same patient who had undergone right frontotemporal resection preserving the hippocampus for intractable epilepsy without resolution of seizures. The first spike is positive over…

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