Pediatric Neurotrauma
Head injury: initial assessment and management for neurosurgical consultants Basic minimum acute data History • Time of injury • Mechanism –Kinematics; energy, speed, height –Struck head? • Best exam at scene –Loss of/level…
Vertebral Artery Injuries in Penetrating Neck and Cervical Spine Trauma
Fig. 11.1 Anatomy of the vertebral artery [modified from: Gray H, Lewis WH. Anatomy of the human body (20th ed). Philadelphia, PA: Lea & Febiger 1918] The VA is anatomically and…
Initial Imaging Considerations, Repeat Imaging Frequency
New Orleans criteria The Canadian head CT rule Age > 60 Vomiting Headache Drug or alcohol intoxication Persistent anterograde amnesia Visible trauma above the clavicle Seizure High risk for neurosurgical intervention: Age > 65…
Care of Patients with Burns and Traumatic Brain Injury
Burn size (TBSA) (%) Albumin dosea (mL*kg*TBSA) 30–49 0.3 50–69 0.4 70–100 0.5 aThis volume is given by continuous i.v. infusion over a 24 h period. TBSA total body surface area…
Laparotomy for Refractory ICP
Study Patients (n) DC as well? Time to laparotomy ICP change mm Hg (average) IAP mm Hg (average) Survival Neurologic follow up Glasgow Outcome Score Bloomfield et al. [3] 1 N…
Mechanical Ventilation in Traumatic Brain Injury
Neurologic • Depressed consciousness/inability to protect airway • Need for sedatives to control intracranial pressure • Status epilepticus Pulmonary • Acute respiratory distress syndrome – Sepsis – Aspiration – Transfusion-related…
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis
Fig. 22.1 Whether it is hiking the cliffs along the Rio Grande River in Big Bend for the view of Mexico’s Chihuahuan Desert or starting prophylactic anticoagulation after TBI, the principal…
Associated Musculoskeletal Injuries
Fig. 17.1 a–c Preoperative CT scans of an unstable thoracic chance fracture, which is a flexion injury of the thoracic spine, demonstrated by the anterior vertebral body compression fracture with a…
Functional Restoration for Neurological Trauma: Current Therapies and Future Directions
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017James M. Ecklund and Leon E. Moores (eds.)Neurotrauma Management for the Severely Injured Polytrauma Patient10.1007/978-3-319-40208-6_28 28. Functional Restoration for Neurological Trauma: Current Therapies and Future Directions James Leiphart1 (1) Dept. of…
Rehabilitation in the Setting of Neurotrauma
Injury severity Glasgow coma scale Post-traumatic amnesia Structural imaging Loss of consciousness (LOC) Alteration of consciousness/mental state Mild 13–15 <24 h Normal 0–30 min A moment up to 24 h Moderate 9–12 1–7 days…
