The General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition (GPCOG)
Reference N % dementia Sensitivity Specificity PPV NPV MC AUC Two-stage English [2, 13]a, b 246 29 0.85 0.86 0.71 0.93 14.2 % 0.89 Chinese [5]a, b 456 22 0.97…
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE): Update on Its Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Utility for Cognitive Disorders
Purpose of test Sensitivity Specificity PPV NPV Overall correct LR+ LR− CUI+ CUI− Dementia Detection of dementia vs HC 81.3 % (80.6–82.1 %) 89.1 % (88.7–89.5 %) 74.8 % (74.0–75.6…
MMSE Variants and Subscores
The subscore therefore ranged from −5 to +10. In a series of patients with pathologically confirmed AD (n = 27) or DLB (n = 17), a subscore of <5 was…
Introduction to Cognitive Screening Instruments: Rationale and Desiderata
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017A. J. Larner (ed.)Cognitive Screening Instruments10.1007/978-3-319-44775-9_1 1. Introduction to Cognitive Screening Instruments: Rationale and Desiderata Andrew J. Larner1 (1) Cognitive Function Clinic, Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Liverpool, UK …
Time and Adherence: A Principle of Foresight
Fig. 7.1 The difference between hyperbolic (solid line) and exponential (dashed line) discounting Many types of functions have been described, for example D(t) = 1/t, D(t) = 1/(1 + kt), etc., (Frederick 2003, 69, Rachlin et al….
The Dynamics of IntentionalityIntentionality
Fig. 5.1 The two moments of choice , in the example of patient adherence and nonadherence, to adjust the insulin dose or not. Reproduced from Reach (2000). Copyright © 2000 Elsevier…
An IntentionalistIntentionalist Account of DoctorDoctor -PatientPatient Relationship and Biomedical Ethics
Fig. 8.1 Patient education, a communication between two mental puzzles The second factor involves ‘external’ conditions: The patient’s attention. One isn’t likely to succeed in sharing a message if there is…
Doctors’ Clinical InertiaClinical Inertia as Myopia
Fig. 9.1 Clinical inertia as myopia. From Reach (2014a) In the patient ’s mind, there is, as shown in this book, a conflict between the immediate concern of starting insulin and…
The Classic View
Fig. 2.1 Nonadherence is more frequent in younger people, originally published in Briesacher et al. (2008). Modified with kind permission of © Wiley 2008 and of the author. All Rights Reserved…
Conclusion: Adherence Generalized
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Gérard ReachThe Mental Mechanisms of Patient Adherence to Long-Term TherapiesPhilosophy and Medicine11810.1007/978-3-319-12265-6_10 10. Conclusion: Adherence Generalized Gérard Reach1 (1) Avicenne Hospital and Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France…
