Commissural and Cortical Maldevelopment Main Text Preamble Corpus callosum dysgenesis and malformations of cortical development are two of the most important congenital brain anomalies. Anomalies of the cerebral commissures are…
Vascular Neurocutaneous Syndromes Main Text Preamble A number of syndromes with prominent cutaneous manifestations occur without associated neoplasms and can be inherited or occur spontaneously. Many of these are disorders…
Metastases and Paraneoplastic Syndromes Main Text Preamble Brain metastases are the most common type of intracranial neoplasm in adults. Between 20-45% of all patients with advanced cancers (particularly lung and…
Spontaneous Parenchymal Hemorrhage Main Text Preamble Intracranial hemorrhage is not a single entity but results from a range of vascular pathologies that differ in implications for prognosis and treatment. In…
Pineal and Germ Cell Tumors Main Text Preamble The region in and around the pineal gland is one of the most anatomically complex intracranial sites. There are many critical structures…
Cranial Nerve Tumors Main Text Preamble Nerve sheath tumors occur throughout the CNS either sporadically (discussed here) or as part of tumor predisposition syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis types 1 and…
Circumscribed Astrocytic Gliomas Main Text Preamble In the 2021 5th edition WHO, circumscribed astrocytic gliomas are a separate group within gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumors. Circumscribed Astrocytomas Preamble Six neoplasms…
Posterior Fossa Malformations Main Text Preamble Neural structures in the midbrain and posterior fossa are derived from three sources: (1) The embryonic mesencephalon gives rise to midbrain structures. (2) The…
Approach to Toxic, Metabolic, Degenerative, and CSF Disorders Main Text Preamble Metabolic disorders are relatively uncommon but important diseases in which imaging can play a key role in early diagnosis…
Miscellaneous Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions Main Text Preamble Some important neoplasms that affect the calvaria, skull base, and cranial meninges are not included in the 2021 5th edition WHO classification…
