Sleep Disorders
Non REM sleep REM sleep Wakefulness Sensation and perception Absent or dull Vivid but internally generated Vivid but externally generated Movement Limited, episodic and involuntary Dream commanded Continuous and…
Seizures and Status Epilepticus
Age range Major causes Infant Birth injury, hypoxia/ischemia, congenital malformations, congenital infection Childhood Febrile seizures, CNS infection, head trauma, birth injury, idiopathic Young adult Head trauma, drugs, withdrawal from alcohol…
Disorders of Peripheral Nerves
Fig. 6.1 Peripheral polyneuropathy distribution In many patients with diabetic polyneuropathy, damage to small axons leads to persistent foot pain (see chapter 20 on pain). The pain, typically described as burning,…
Approach to the Patient With a Neurologic Problem
Fig. 1.1 Approach to the neurologic patient Achieving an accurate diagnosis is crucial in reaching the goals of neurologic care: to alleviate signs and symptoms; to restore function; and to…
Protein Folding: Part II—Energy Landscapes and Protein Dynamics
(1) Asheville, NC, USA In thinking about how a protein might look in its three-dimensional fully folded form, Hsien Wu had envisioned it as forming a crystalline solid composed…
Protein Misfolding and Aggregation
(1) Asheville, NC, USA The reversible folding and unfolding of proteins uncovered by Anfinsen and Pauling was a landmark event. It established the primacy of the amino acid sequence…
Protein Folding: Part I—Basic Principles
(1) Asheville, NC, USA By the early 1900s proteins had been studied for more than a hundred years. Chemists had begun to extract proteins such as albumin and wheat…
Alzheimer’s Disease
(1) Asheville, NC, USA The search for a specific biochemical cause of Alzheimer’s disease began in the 1960s and 1970s, and was inspired by the burgeoning success of levodopa…
Protein Quality Control: Part I—Molecular Chaperones and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System
(1) Asheville, NC, USA The 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s were a time of change for how proteins were viewed. Results from X-ray crystallography and denaturation experiments guided the way…
Parkinson’s Disease
(1) Asheville, NC, USA The year 2017 will mark the 200th anniversary of the 1817 publication of James Parkinson’s monograph “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy.” In his monograph,…
