9 Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Adam Webb and Owen Samuels More than 160,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur annually. Nearly 25% of patients receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) either from bystanders or emergency…
5 Status Epilepticus Jan Claassen and Lawrence J. Hirsch Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening medical and neurological emergency and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Every hour delay in treatment…
14 Brain Death and Organ Donation Jennifer A. Frontera Brain death, which is equivalent to legal death, is defined as the irreversible loss of brain and brainstem function. There is…
13 Critical Illness Polyneuropathy and Myopathy Valerie Dechant, Eduardo Adonias de Sousa, and Kiwon Lee Critically ill patients are at risk for developing severe weakness secondary to critical illness polyneuropathy…
7 Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis Isabel Fragata and Aman Patel Thrombosis of cerebral veins and dural sinuses is an uncommon clinical entity, representing less than 1% of all stroke cases in…
12 Guillain-Barré Syndrome Jennifer A. Frontera Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a heterogeneous group of immunemediated polyneuropathies with motor, sensory, and dysautonomic features. It is the most common cause of acute…
18 Prophylaxis Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou Critically ill neurologic patients are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE), nosocomial infection, gastric ulcer, and anemia. Prophylaxis can minimize the risk of these…
17 Adult Low-Grade Spondylolisthesis: Surgical Approach, Role of Fusion, Role of Instrumentation E. RATCLIFFE ANDERSON III AND JEFFREY S. FISCHGRUND First described in 1782 by a Belgian obstetrician, Georges Herbineaux,…
24 Role of Cervical Disk Replacement: Does It Avoid the Shortcomings of a Fusion? BRUCE V. DARDEN II Since its development in the 1950s, anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF)…
26 Minimally Invasive Lumbar Fusion: Results and Complications Compared with Open Techniques YOUSSEF R. KARAM AND RICHARD G. FESSLER Lumbar spine fusions have been performed for ~100 years as a…
