Financial disclosures As discussed in Chapter 1 , it is helpful to define treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Although one defines treatment resistance, it is clear that this is a very significant…
Overview The problem of nonresponse to antidepressant medications is essentially as old as this area of therapeutics: Even during the 1960s and 1970s, it was known that the likelihood of…
Introduction Despite the availability of many therapeutic strategies, the optimal treatment of depression remains a major challenge. The overall effectiveness of antidepressants remains limited, and in almost 30%–50%, the response…
Introduction Oral irreversible inhibitors of the intracellular enzyme, monoamine oxidase, have been in clinical use for over 60 years. As a group, they constitute the oldest class of antidepressants. The…
Disclosures LCB is a stockholder and former employee of Myriad Genetics, former employee and current consultant to Tempus Labs, Principal Consultant for Great Scott! Consulting, founding member of Pharmacogenetics Research…
Introduction This is an exciting time in the field of psychiatry. The advent of rapid-acting antidepressants (ADs) like ketamine has sparked a paradigm shift in how we think about the…
Introduction An algorithm is a stepwise solution used for problem solving. In medicine, the clinical algorithm, most commonly represented as a flow chart, is used in clinical decision-making processes to…
Introduction Multiple treatment modalities are effective for major depressive disorder (MDD), including medications, certain psychotherapies, and brain stimulation approaches such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)….
Introduction Depression affects more than 264 million people worldwide ( ), making it one of the most prevalent of all medical conditions ( ). The sheer prevalence of depression is…
Introduction Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD), with over one-third of patients being unable to reach an adequate level of symptomatic improvement after trying…
