Abstract The management of neuroblastoma requires a multidisciplinary approach led by the pediatric surgeon. Surgical biopsy and resection are essential to characterize the tumor, stratify patient risk, and guide the…
Abstract More than 50% of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma will relapse despite intensive multi-modal therapy. Management of these patients is challenging, given disease heterogeneity, resistance, and organ toxicity. Recent advances…
Abstract In the cell, autophagy is the major regulatory catabolic mechanism responsible for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. It is active at a basal level in all cell types, and…
Abstract Current therapeutic approaches for high-risk neuroblastoma include dose-intensive chemotherapy, surgical and radiotherapeutic interventions that are associated with long- and short-term toxicities. Immunotherapy utilizes mechanisms of action that are not…
Abstract Neuroblastoma is, at once, a common and a frequently deadly cancer seen almost exclusively in children. The prognosis for patients with neuroblastoma is best in those whose tumor burden…
Abstract Neuroblastoma diagnostic criteria and therapeutic options have been identified and implemented within the oncology clinical setting as best possible and in a timely manner following the ever-changing advances in…
Abstract The cancer stem cell paradigm is the idea that subpopulations of cancer cells exist within a tumor that are capable of self-renewal, multipotency, proliferation, and tumor maintenance. This subpopulation…
Abstract Energy metabolism refers to all the reactions involved in generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from nutrients, including both aerobic respiration (oxygen present), anaerobic respiration (fermentation) as well as fatty acid…
Abstract Tumors in neuroblastoma group offer one of the best models for investigating the biologically significant relationship between their genetic/molecular properties and morphologic manifestations. Over the past decades, histopathological analysis…
Abstract Improved understanding of the molecular changes involved in oncogenesis has generated considerable interest in developing therapeutic agents that target dysregulated pathways and malfunctioning or overexpressed molecules in cancer. This…
