Polygraphy
Polygraphy Anton Kamp Gert Pfurtscheller Günter Edlinger Fernando H. Lopes Da Silva Polygraphy denotes the simultaneous recording of several physiologic and/or behavioral variables. The main reasons for the simultaneous recording…
Intraoperative Evoked Potential Monitoring
Intraoperative Evoked Potential Monitoring Alan D. Legatt Sensory evoked potentials (EPs) are the electrical signals produced by the nervous system in response to a sensory stimulus. Auditory, visual, and somatosensory…
Monitoring EEG during Carotid Surgery
Monitoring EEG during Carotid Surgery Thoru Yamada Malcolm Yeh INTRODUCTION The studies from the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators (1) and the European Carotid Surgery Trialists’ Collaboration Group…
Intracranial Monitoring: Depth, Subdural, and Foramen Ovale Electrodes
Intracranial Monitoring: Depth, Subdural, and Foramen Ovale Electrodes Margitta Seeck Donald L. Schomer Ernst Niedermeyer INTRODUCTION In most Western societies, epilepsy affects around 0.7% of the population, that is, 2.1…
High-Frequency EEG Activity
High-Frequency EEG Activity Jean Gotman Nathan E. Crone INTRODUCTION The electroencephalogram (EEG) is traditionally recorded and clinically interpreted with a low-pass filter set at 60 or 70 Hz. The most…
Infraslow EEG Activity
Infraslow EEG Activity Sampsa Vanhatalo Juha Voipio Kai Kaila INTRODUCTION The conventional way of recording EEG is more than half a century old. The early pioneers were faced with the…
Principles and Techniques for Long-Term EEG Recording (EMU, ICU, Ambulatory)
Principles and Techniques for Long-Term EEG Recording (EMU, ICU, Ambulatory) Jean Gotman Marc Nuwer Ronald G. Emerson INTRODUCTION Most standard EEG recordings last 20 to 30 minutes and some are…
Electrocorticography
Electrocorticography Marc R. Nuwer Electrocorticography (ECoG) is intraoperative electroencephalography (EEG) recorded directly from the exposed cerebral cortex. The technique is used for localizing epileptic discharges and regions of impaired cortex…
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Frank W. Drislane Peter W. Kaplan Susan T. Herman HISTORY Although generalized convulsive status epilepticus has been recognized for millennia, nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is a much…
Nasopharyngeal, Anterotemporal, and Sphenoidal Electrodes
Nasopharyngeal, Anterotemporal, and Sphenoidal Electrodes Andres M. Kanner Travis Stoub Steve Bild INTRODUCTION Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most frequent type of epilepsy of focal origin affecting adults. It…
