Hypertension (Essential/Primary) Evaluation General—essential/primary hypertension is idiopathic and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Epidemiology—25% of adults in the United States have hypertension (” class=LK href=”javascript:void(0)” target=right xpath=”/CT{06b9ee1beed59419a81e5e1e1a4f60b0cc8cd1057525de73425b2b43f4df7f1b5f5104f2480c94b2f4023254e02c7b4f}/ID(AB1-M10)”>>140/90 mm Hg)….
Hyperlipidemia Evaluation General—a significant contributor to atherosclerosis and consequently coronary heart disease (CHD) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a primary mediator of atherosclerosis. Epidemiology—CHD accounts for 500,000 deaths per year in…
Herpes Simplex Virus Evaluation General—family of viruses responsible for varied infections including Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1)—typically associated with nongenital infections (orofacial, encephalitis) HSV2—typically associated with genital infections Structure—HSV is…
Hemorrhoids Evaluation General—submucosal pads of tissue composed of arterial and venous plexuses Mechanism—associated with chronic straining (e.g., constipation, tenesmus, pregnancy, etc.) Epidemiology—Approximately 4.4% of the general population Classification Internal hemorrhoids—originate…
Headaches (Cephalalgia) Evaluation General—pain affecting the head, although typically not confined to a particular nerve distribution Classification Common primary headache disorders Tension-type headache Migraine headache Cluster headache Secondary headache disorders…
Glaucoma, Open-angle Evaluation General—an optic neuropathy that leads to death of optic nerve tissue; decrease in peripheral vision Clinical—progressive disease of the optic nerve with an increase in intraocular pressure…
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Evaluation General—a common, chronic condition characterized by heartburn once or more in a month Clinical: Classic symptoms → acid regurgitation and heartburn Atypical symptoms → asthma, chest…
Foot Ailments Callus (calluses) General—thickening of the outermost layer of the skin as a result of repeated pressure/friction Clinical—pain results as the callus thickens and causes more pressure against the…
Epistaxis (Nosebleed) Evaluation General—nosebleeds occur in up to 60% of people over a lifetime; 6% require medical care. Etiology—(environmental factors, i.e., humidity, temperature, and altitude also require consideration.) Local causes…
