Abstract Cerebellar hemorrhage is increasingly detected in both preterm and full-term newborns. This form of brain injury is more common in premature infants compared with term newborns. Cerebellar hemorrhage is…

Glucose, like oxygen, is of essential and fundamental importance for brain metabolism. Indeed, because oxygen consumption is relatively low in the neonatal human brain and minimal in such areas as…

A series of metabolic disorders with prominent neurological accompaniments and serious deleterious effects on the developing central nervous system have been described under the designation organic acid disorders . The…

Abstract The assessment of fetal well-being is a critical tool in ensuring optimal neonatal outcomes from both pregnancy and labor. This is particularly relevant for the recognition of the infant…

Abstract Intracranial hemorrhage in the neonatal period is an important clinical problem. Its importance relates to a relatively high frequency of occurrence, accompanied at times by serious neurological sequelae. Over…

Abstract Seizures represent the most distinctive and frequent manifestations of neurological disease in the neonatal period. Compared with seizures in older patients, neonatal seizures have different clinical appearances, electrographic characteristics,…

Abstract Perinatal stroke has become increasingly recognized with the increased application of neuroimaging for neonatal seizures and encephalopathy. The frequency of perinatal stroke is estimated at 1 in 5000 births….

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita refers to a syndrome, apparent at birth, characterized by fixed positions of multiple joints and an associated limitation of movement. The term arthrogryposis is derived from the…

Abstract Cerebellar development is protracted, lasting from the fifth week of gestation until several years after birth; this exposes the cerebellum to a prolonged risk of developmental disturbance. Understanding the…

Abstract Encephalopathy of prematurity (EOP) is a histologically defined condition common in preterm infants characterized by cerebral white matter injury/periventricular leukomalacia with a variety of associated neuronal/axonal deficits. The fetal/maternal…