Fig. 6.1 A generalized tonic-clonic seizure each EEG clip represents 20 s Fig. 6.2 Representation of ictal discharge during generalized tonic–clonic seizure which lasted for 1 min and 45 s. Figure 6.1 shows generalized spike-and-wave discharges…
Fig. 25.1 Right anterior temporal spikes Fig. 25.2 High-resolution MRI detects mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) in 80–90% of cases Her presurgical evaluation indicated that she was a good candidate for a right…
Fig. 4.1 Neonatal montage. Special montage—preterm or newborn with head circumference <35 cm Usually, 16 channels recording are done, which should include 2 or more non-cerebral channels. Non-cerebral electrodes include EKG, EMG, ocular,…
Fig. 9.1 Triphasic waves in an encephalopathic patient. Notice the anterior-to-posterior lag in the second (positive) component of the triphasic wave (boxed) Fig. 9.2 Notice the posterior-to-anterior lag in the second (positive)…
Ion Intracellular (mM) Extracellular (mM) Equilibrium potential (mV) Potassium (K*) 140–150 5 –90 Sodium (Na*) 5–15 145 +60 Chloride (Cl) 4–30 110–125 –70 Synaptic transmission is the major mode of…
Fig. 5.1 Two spikes (arrowheads) from the same patient who had undergone right frontotemporal resection preserving the hippocampus for intractable epilepsy without resolution of seizures. The first spike is positive over…
Antibody/target Symptoms (other than seizures/limbic encephalitis) Associated cancer(s) VGKC complexa Personality or behavioral changes, myoclonus (CJD-like picture), neuropathy, and hyponatremia SCLC, thymoma NMDA receptor Psychosis, extrapyramidal disorders (e.g., choreoathetosis), and dysautonomia…
1985 First animal studies 1988 First human implant 1992 First randomized active control study (E03) completed 1994 European community approval 1996 Second randomized active control study (E05) completed 1997 US…
Fig. 23.1 Dipolar sources of epileptic spikes. The panels above show an example of dipolar source models of epileptic spike activity. The panel on the far left shows MEG traces from…
7. Which of the following is true about the following EEG? A. It suggests a seizure focus in the left inferior parietal region B. It is consistent with…
