Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Figure 23.1 McKee’s four stages of CTE tau pathology and associated clinical features. The left column depicts 50 μm coronal tissue sections with CP-13 immunostain which labels phosphorylated tau with…
NEUROLOGY
Jakob–Creutzfeldt disease and other prion diseases
Figure 21.1 Typical brain MRI in a patient with sJCD. FLAIR (top row), DWI (middle row), and ADC map (bottom row) sequences show the typical T2-weighted hyperintensities with corresponding restricted…
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Figure 15.1 Algorithm for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. To illustrate diagnosis according to Figure 15.1: an initial clinical and cognitive evaluation may show that the patient has experienced…
The Lewy body dementias
Figure 18.1 Lewy-related pathology (LRP). Lewy body inclusion (arrow) in a pigmented neuron of the substantia nigra (A, hematoxylin and eosin). Immunohistochemical staining of Lewy body inclusions (arrow heads) and…
Primary progressive aphasia
Figure 10.1 Atrophy maps in PPA subtypes [7, 11]. Only the left hemisphere is shown. Areas in red and yellow show peak atrophy sites when patient groups of a given…
Delirium masquerading as dementia
Urine analysis and cultureChest radiographElectrocardiogramFurther evaluation guided by initial evaluationBrain imaging with magnetic resonance with contrast (preferred) or computed tomographySerum ammoniaErythrocyte sedimentation rateBlood culturesLumbar puncture (if suspicion of meningitis, should…
Cognitive disorders of the very old
Figure 25.1 Overlap in neuropathology among dementia and non-dementia cases in the 90+ Study. Corrada et al., Curr Alzheimer Res. 2012 July 1; 9(6): 709–17. (Reproduced with permission [47].) This…
Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease
astheniaNausea, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, headache, anxiety, application site reaction All three medications have shown efficacy through randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) with varying durations from 3 to 12 months. Compared…
Early clinical features of the parkinsonian-related dementias
7 [1–14]f4.5 [3–10]gTypical clinical featuresCognitive featureMCI: any subtype, executive dysfunction, visuospatial dysfunction, verbal blocking, misidentification errors, impaired attention, variable memory impairmentMCI-PD, executive dysfunction, visuospatial dysfunction, impaired attentionMCI-SD executive, MCI-SD language…
The cognitive neurology of corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 14 The cognitive neurology of corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy Carolyn A. Fredericks and Suzee E. Lee The Behavioral Neurology of Dementia, 2nd edn,…
