Fig. 1 Overview of potential mechanism through which chronically restricted and disrupted sleep may contribute to the development and maintenance of depression. Green arrow indicates a mild positive effect of restricted…
Fig. 1 REM sleep parameters plotted as 20 h totals for baseline (Base), two shock training days (ST1, ST2), and context (Con) in a study comparing the effects of controllable (modeled by…
Two or more of the following present for at least one month (less if treated) Positive symptoms (at least one) • Delusions • Hallucinations • Disorganized speaking and thinking •…
Fig. 1 Three distinct stages of memory as illustrated by two commonly used learning paradigms. Panel a shows the three different stages of memory for contextual fear conditioning . Rodents are…
Diekelmann S, Wilhelm I, Born J (2009) The whats and whens of sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Sleep Med Rev 13:309–321PubMed Dijk DJ, Duffy JF, Czeisler CA (2000) Contribution of circadian physiology…
Fig. 1 Effects of sleep deprivation on plasticity-related gene expression. Symbols indicate different sleep deprivation methods, brain areas, targets of detection assays, and animal models used (respectively, polygons in red, green,…
Disease OMIM Protein/gene Main clinical symptoms MRI Prognosis [OMIM] Isovaleric aciduria 243500 Isovaleryl CoA dehydrogenase- IVD Acute: feeding refusal or aversion to protein, lethargy evolving to coma (due to dehydration…
Fig. 14.1 Cerebral form of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, c-ALD. MRI axial T2-weighted images (a, b) show marked bilateral symmetrical hyperintensity in the splenium of the corpus callosum and in the adjacent…
Fig. 11.1 MS, acute phase. T2-weighted image, (a, c) demonstrate focal hyperintensities in the left pons and in the white matter of the right hemisphere, respectively; note, edema around the…
Fig. 25.1 Astrocytomas grade II. Axial MRI images show a lesion hyperintense in T2 sequences without mass effect (a), slightly hypointense in T1 sequences (b) without contrast enhancement (c) located…
