Intervertebral Disc: Anatomy, Physiology, and Aging
Summary of Key Points • The intervertebral disc (IVD) is composed of the nucleus pulposus, the annulus fibrosus, and flanking cartilage end plates. • The nucleus pulposus is composed primarily…
NEUROSURGERY
Differential Diagnosis of Surgical Disorders of the Spine
Summary of Key Points • The following observations can be used as an initial step to classify and further define spine pathology: (1) the presence or absence of spinal region…
History of Spinal Instrumentation: The Modern Era
Summary of Key Points • The development of instrumentation for internal fixation of the spine has dramatically improved the surgeon’s ability to successfully provide surgical intervention for a wide variety…
Muscular Support of the Spine
Summary of Key Points • Muscle integrity is integral to both spine form and efficient function. • For most patients with spine-related disease, exercise is not only safe, but it…
Evaluation of Spinal Alignment
Summary of Key Points • Spinal alignment assessment includes both sagittal and coronal alignment measurement strategies. • Coronal plan assessments include interpupullary angle, shoulder tilt angle, and Cobb angle measurements….
Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Chapter 11 Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis 11.1Introduction 11.2Etiology and Radiology 11.3The Terminology and Measurement of Spondylolisthesis 11.4The Marchetti and Bartolozzi (M-B) Classification 11.5Mac-Thiong and Labelle’s Classification 11.6Clinical Features and Treatment 11.7Practice…
Congenital Deformities
Chapter 6 Congenital Deformities 6.1Etiology of Congenital Spine Anomalies 6.2The Clinical Spectrum of Deformity 6.3Congenital Bone Anomalies 6.4Practice Point 6.5Congenital Kyphosis 6.6Congenital Lordosis 6.7Spinal Dysraphism 6.8Congenital Spinal Deformity Syndromes Case…
Basic Principles
Chapter 2 Basic Principles 2.1Definitions and Terminology 2.2Curve Characteristics 2.3Spinal Growth 2.4Classification of Spinal Deformities 2.5Primary, Progressive, or Structural Deformities 2.6Secondary, Nonprogressive or Nonstructural Deformities 2 Basic Principles 2.1 Definitions and Terminology…
Idiopathic Scoliosis
Chapter 4 Idiopathic Scoliosis 4.1Epidemiology of Late-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis 4.2Screening for Scoliosis 4.3Late-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis 4.4The Adolescent with the Bigger Curve 4.5Osteotomies 4.6Early-Onset Idiopathic Scoliosis Case Gallery 4 Idiopathic Scoliosis 4.1 Epidemiology…
Miscellaneous Conditions Associated with Spine Deformities
Chapter 10 Miscellaneous Conditions Associated with Spine Deformities 10.1Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue 10.2Skeletal Dysplasias 10 Miscellaneous Conditions Associated with Spine Deformities In this chapter we have gathered together a number…
