(1) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (2) Neuroscience Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA (3) Department of Orthopaedic, Radboud University Medical…
Fig. 6.1 Toyota Production System Seven Wastes. (©Virginia Mason Medical Center) Table 6.1 Examples of types of waste identified in lean methodology Type of waste Description Examples in anesthesia and…
Fig. 9.1 Checklist for response to neuromonitoring changes. (From Vitale et al. [51], with permission) It is important that surgeons understand that this technology is not a substitute for clinical…
Author(s) Study design Evidence level N (total) Mean age, years ± SD; years (range) Variable evaluated: serum albumin (g/dL)/Pre-albumin (mg/dL) cut-off value Conclusion Schoenfeld et al. [9] Retrospective III 5887 55.9 ± 14.5 3.5…
!DOCTYPE html> © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020R. K. Sethi et al. (eds.)Value-Based Approaches to Spine Care https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31946-5_5 5. Using Lean Process Improvement to Enhance Safety and Value Michael A. Bohl1 and Gary S. Kaplan2 (1) Department…
Fig. 1 Cytotoxic and transvascular oedema. (a) Normal—two astrocytes and a capillary. (b) Cytotoxic oedema: influxing water has caused the cells to swell, impinging on the extracellular space and leading…
Fig. 1 Glutamate neuroreceptor localization and distribution in Central Nervous System. (a) Glutamatergic pathways, (b) hypothetical tracking of glutamatergic neuronal fibers where red-colored fibers represents NMDA receptors, green—AMPA receptors, and…
Tissue or fluid X-ray absorption Color Hounsfield units Air None Black −1000 Fat Slight Black −100 to −50 Water/CSF Minimal Black 0 Serum Minimal 13–38 Unclotted blood <WM < GM Dark grey…
Fig. 1 Bioenergetics overview. Glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) together generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP, via substrate-level phosphorylation) and provide electrons to power ATP formation from the electron transport…
Fig. 1 Duplex Doppler image of the carotid bifurcation For most individuals, carotid anatomy permits ultrasound assessment of the carotid bifurcation and the proximal 2 cm of the internal carotid artery….
