Hypoxia–ischemia Cytokines Trophic/growth factors Drugs/pharmacological agents Hypoxia (0.5 to 3% O2) IL-6 EPO, SDF-1 Minocycline/doxycycline Cobalt Autologous stroke serum Diazoxide EPO erythropoietin, SDF-1 stromal derived factor-1 Table 11.2 Hypoxic preconditioning…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015David C. Hess (ed.)Cell Therapy for Brain Injury10.1007/978-3-319-15063-5_5 5. Clinical Development of MultiStem® for Treatment of Injuries and Diseases of the Central Nervous System Utilization of an Adult Stem…
10. Watanabe K, Bois FY, Zeise L. Interspecies extrapolation: a reexamination of acute toxicity data. Risk Anal. 1992;12:301–10.PubMed 11. Davidson IW, Parker JC, Beliles RP. Biological basis for extrapolation across…
Inclusion criteria Males aged ≥ 60 years Unilateral ischaemic stroke affecting subcortical white matter and/or basal ganglia (with or without cortical involvement) 6 months to 5 years prior to entry into…
Fig. 17.1 Neonatal stroke account for up to 5–10 % of neonatal encephalopathy cases. Some neonatal stroke cases present with seizures without encephalopathy during the neonatal period. Approximately, 40 % of neonatal…
Fig. 9.1 Reprogramming fibroblasts The iPSC and somatic cell reprogramming field continues to advance rapidly. Further work has established that fewer reprogramming factors are needed for cells more undifferentiated than…
Fig. 2.1 Integrated approach to outcomes/clinical trials. The three general approaches by which stem cells could exert a beneficial effect following stroke (1–3). The direct placement of exogenous (autologous or…
