Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
1 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Harshpal Singh, Joshua B. Bederson, and Jennifer A. Frontera Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is defined as the presence of blood within the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid membrane…
Antiplatelet- and Anticoagulation-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage
4 Antiplatelet- and Anticoagulation-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage Fred Rincon, Andres Fernandez, and Stephan A. Mayer Antiplatelet- and anticoagulation-associated intracranial hemorrhages are a neurologic emergency. As the population ages, anticoagulation-associated intracranial hemorrhage…
Traumatic Brain Injury
2 Traumatic Brain Injury Chad Miller Trauma accounts for over 150,000 deaths in the United States each year. A frequent cause of mortality for this group is head injury, for…
Myasthenic Crisis
11 Myasthenic Crisis Mark Sivak and Jennifer A. Frontera Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction characterized by a T-cell dependent response targeted to the postsynaptic…
Grades of Recommendations Based on Level of Evidence
22 Grades of Recommendations Based on Level of Evidence Jennifer A. Frontera Table 22.1 The American Academy of Neurology’s Classification Scheme for Rating a Prognostic Article Class I Evidence provided…
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
9 Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Adam Webb and Owen Samuels More than 160,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur annually. Nearly 25% of patients receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) either from bystanders or emergency…
Status Epilepticus
5 Status Epilepticus Jan Claassen and Lawrence J. Hirsch Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening medical and neurological emergency and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Every hour delay in treatment…
Brain Death and Organ Donation
14 Brain Death and Organ Donation Jennifer A. Frontera Brain death, which is equivalent to legal death, is defined as the irreversible loss of brain and brainstem function. There is…
Critical Illness Polyneuropathy and Myopathy
13 Critical Illness Polyneuropathy and Myopathy Valerie Dechant, Eduardo Adonias de Sousa, and Kiwon Lee Critically ill patients are at risk for developing severe weakness secondary to critical illness polyneuropathy…
Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis
7 Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis Isabel Fragata and Aman Patel Thrombosis of cerebral veins and dural sinuses is an uncommon clinical entity, representing less than 1% of all stroke cases in…
