Cranial Meninges
Chapter 4 Cranial Meninges The brain and spinal cord are entirely enveloped by three concentric membranes, the meninges, which provide support and protection. The outermost meningeal layer is the dura…
Lumbar Plexus and Sacral Plexus
Chapter 20 Lumbar Plexus and Sacral Plexus Overview of the Plexuses The lumbar and sacral plexuses innervate the lower limb. The lumbar plexus lies deep within psoas major, anterior to…
Cerebellum
Chapter 13 Cerebellum The cerebellum, the largest part of the hindbrain, is dorsal to the pons and medulla, and its median region is separated from them by the fourth ventricle….
Special Senses
Chapter 12 Special Senses The special senses of olfaction, vision, taste, hearing and balance are conveyed to the brain in cranial nerves. In each case, highly specialized peripheral receptors respond…
Ventricular System and Cerebrospinal Fluid
Chapter 5 Ventricular System and Cerebrospinal Fluid The cerebral ventricular system consists of a series of interconnecting spaces and channels within the brain that are derived from the central lumen…
Overview of the Organization of the Nervous System
Chapter 1 Overview of the Organization of the Nervous System The human nervous system is the most complex product of biological evolution. The constantly changing patterns of activity of its…
Spinal Column
Chapter 7 Spinal Column Spinal Cord and Its Coverings The surface relationships of the spinal cord and its coverings are of great clinical importance throughout life (Fig. 7.1). Fig. 7.1…
Autonomic Nervous System
Chapter 21 Autonomic Nervous System The autonomic nervous system represents the visceral component of the nervous system. It consists of neurones located within both the central nervous system (CNS) and…
Neuromuscular Junction
Chapter 22 Neuromuscular Junction Skeletal Muscle The most intensively studied effector endings are those that innervate muscle, particularly skeletal muscle. All neuromuscular (myoneural) junctions are axon terminals of somatic motor…
