Neupsy Key

1 Neuroanatomy Cranial Vasculature Skull Ventricles Autonomic System The Meninges Cortex Cerebellum Brainstem Cranial Nerves Spine and Peripheral Nerve Cases Cranial Vasculature 1. How can one distinguish the internal carotid…

General History and Physical Examination 1. What is the most common type of headache? Tension headache 2. What lesions can produce a head tilt? Trochlear (IVth) nerve palsy, anterior vermis…

Spinal Anatomy and Surgical Technique 1. How many pairs of spinal nerves do humans have? There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral,…

Congenital 1. With regards to brain development, what are the primary brain vesicles? What secondary brain vesicles do they give rise to? The neural tube gives rise to the following…

7 Peripheral Nerves General History and Physical Emergencies Technique Electrophysiology Pain Upper Extremity Lower Extremity Cases General History and Physical 1. What types of sensation are affected in amyotrophic lateral…

2 Neurophysiology General Cases General 1. How does magnesium prevent excitotoxicity in brain injury? Magnesium readily crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blocks various subtypes of calcium and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)…

General 1. What is the Dandy maneuver? To assess for a possible cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, the patient’s head is held below the waist for several minutes while in a…

Cranial 1. What is the characteristic angiographic appearance of vessels in fibromuscular disease (FMD)? FMD is an angiopathy that affects medium-sized arteries predominantly in young women of childbearing age. FMD…

Neurotransmitters 1. What are the most important central nervous system (CNS) transmitters? Glutamic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin (5HT), and opioid peptides1 2. What is the mechanism…