Viral, Protozoan, and Related Intracranial Infections
Abstract The central nervous system (CNS) and its covering membranes may become involved with a variety of infectious processes in the newborn infant. These infections may occur either in the…
Pathophysiology: General Principles
Abstract Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the perinatal period is a common disorder that has an impact throughout the perinatal period in both the preterm and term-born infant. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is characterized…
Muscle Involvement and Restricted Disorders
Abstract Disorders of muscle account for a substantial proportion of infants affected with hypotonia and weakness. Although a relatively large number of myopathic disorders may cause manifestations in the neonatal…
Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage/Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus
Abstract Germinal matrix hemorrhage–intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) is the most common variety of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and is characteristic of the premature infant. This form of brain injury affects around 25%…
Bacterial and Fungal Intracranial Infections
Abstract Bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in the newborn are common and are of major clinical importance. By far the most frequent of these infections is neonatal…
Injuries of Extracranial, Cranial, Intracranial, Spinal Cord, and Peripheral Nervous System Structures
Abstract This chapter is focused on injuries of extracranial, cranial, intracranial, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system structures, with emphasis on those disorders that appear to be related primarily to…
Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in the Term Infant: Clinical-Neurological Features, Diagnosis, Imaging, Prognosis, Therapy
Abstract Neonatal encephalopathy occurs in 2 to 5/1000 live births and is principally related to hypoxic-ischemic injury to the newborn brain in the immediate peripartum period. In the last decade,…
Levels Above Lower Motor Neuron to Neuromuscular Junction
Abstract The major unifying clinical manifestations of disorders of the neonatal motor system are hypotonia and weakness, which do not necessarily occur with similar severity. In this chapter, all disorders,…
Degenerative Disorders of the Newborn
Abstract Degenerative disorders of the newborn are relatively rare. Nonetheless, they are important to recognize because a few are treatable when diagnosed early. Dividing these disorders into those that primarily…
