Indication and Contraindication for Lumbar Surgical Nonfusion Techniques Jeremy Fairbank Treatment by spinal fusion is based on a concept of pain generated from a single site or segment of the…
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis with Low Back Pain: Is Fusion Necessary? E. Munting The symptoms provoked by lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) range from none in up to 21% of the cases…
What is the Evidence Base for IDET? Brian J. C. Freeman In 2000 Saal and Saal (25) introduced a new method for the treatment of chronic discogenic low back pain…
Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration: Present Limitations and Future Opportunities Cyndi Lee Mauro Alini Sibylle Grad Clinical Problem Low back pain is a major public health problem in our society and the…
Molecular Therapy of the Intervertebral Disc S. Tim Yoon John Louis-Ugbo The normal intervertebral disc is a complex avascular fibrocartilaginous structure consisting of a combination chondrocytelike and fibroblastlike cells that…
Dynamic MRI in the Seated Position Increases Insight into Diseases of the Lumbar Spine Francis W. Smith For the past 25 years, the lumbar spine has been studied using magnetic…
Natural Evolution and Resolution of Chronic Low Back Pain Michel Benoist Philippe Boulu Pierre Guigui Low back pain (LBP) is a frequent problem in adults from western societies. Cross-sectional surveys…
Radiologic Assessment of All Unfused Lumbar Segments After Instrumented Posterior Spinal Fusion Ferran Pellisé Alejandro Hernández Accelerated segment degeneration (ASD) adjacent to a lumbar fusion (LF) has been reported in…
Physiology of the Intervertebral Disc Jing Yu Thijs Grünhagen Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke Sally Roberts Jill Urban The intervertebral disc has only a small number of cells embedded throughout a dense extracellular…
Adjacent Level Disc Biomechanics Brian J. C. Freeman Donal S. McNally Adjacent segment degeneration either above or below a previously fused lumbar motion segment has a reported incidence of between…
