8 Intervertebral Disc Whole Organ Cultures Marianna Peroglio, Zhen Li, Lorin Michael Benneker, Mauro Alini, and Sibylle Grad Abstract Whole intervertebral disc (IVD) organ cultures bridge the gap between in vitro…
4 Biomechanics of the Healthy and Diseased Spine Hans-Joachim Wilke and Fabio Galbusera Abstract The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a pad of soft tissue that uniformly distributes the stresses due to…
9 Biological Treatment Approaches: Basic Ideas and Principles Victor Y. Leung and Kenneth M.C. Cheung Abstract Clinical studies indicate an association of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration severity with low back pain,…
5Trial Designs to Establish Efficacy and Safety in Multimodal Therapies Highlights Developing and evaluating multimodal strategies to treat complex diseases will require innovative strategies and the involvement of multiple stakeholders…
7Role of Research Funders in Multimodal Therapy Development Highlights Government and charitable funding agencies can play an important role in filling the gaps that may exist in the development of…
