Fig. 17.1 Suggested algorithm for the selection of 3rd–5th line anti-seizure drugs for treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ASD anti-seizure drug Table 17.1 Non-anesthetic anti-seizure drug options for the treatment of refractory…
Fig. 5.1 Examples of periodic and rhythmic waveforms. EEG is displayed in a longitudinal bipolar montage. Filter settings and scale are shown in the figure. a Left temporoparietal lateralized periodic discharges…
(1) Neurology, Division of Pediatric and Developmental Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis Children’s Hospital, 660 South Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA …
Artifactual Rhythmic, regular or paroxysmal muscle movement, ECG, or ballistocardiographic artifacts Physiologic rhythmic patterns or patterns of nonepileptic significance Rhythmic midtemporal theta of drowsiness Subclinical rhythmic epileptiform discharges of adults…
Stage Treatment threshold Treatment Response criterion Prophylaxis Periodic discharges lasting ≥1 min Start maintenance therapy with ASD #1 No progression to seizures 1st line therapy Single seizure lasting ≥1 min (with any…
Axis 1: Semiology (A) With prominent motor symptoms A.1: Convulsive SE (CSE) A.2: Myoclonic SE A.3: Focal motor SE A.4: Tonic SE A.5: Hyperkinetic SE (B) Without prominent motor symptoms…
Fig. 6.1 Computed tomography (CT) scan of a 16-year-old girl with an earlier history of pansinusitis and a left frontal cerebritis and abscess who had undergone surgical treatment and presents 4 months…
Stroke, including hemorrhagic Low antiepileptic drug levels Alcohol withdrawal Drug withdrawal (benzodiazepine, barbiturate) Anoxic brain injury Metabolic disturbances Infection (bacterial meningitis, herpes encephalitis, brain abscess) Traumatic brain injury Brain neoplasm…
Fig. 9.1 Magnetic resonance imaging alterations (a–c) in brain atrophy after severe super-refractory status epilepticus. LEV levetiracetam; VPA valproic acid; LCS lacosamide; PROP propofol; MDZ midazolam; TPM topiramate; MRI magnetic resonance…
Location of study, Reference, (year published) N Annual incidence (per 100,000) Epilepsy prior to SE Most common etiology Mortality/case fatality rate (%) Other Richmond, Virginia DeLorenzo et al. [20] (1995)…
