Embryonal Tumors Medulloblastoma Classic Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity Anaplastic medulloblastoma Large-cell medulloblastoma CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) CNS neuroblastoma CNS ganglioneuroblastoma Medulloepithelioma Ependymoblastoma Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor It mostly…
Fig. 16.1 Schematic drawing of the inferior medullary velum and its relationship with the fourth ventricle and cisterna magna Fig. 16.2 Schematic drawing of the tela choroidea (a) and inferior…
Fig. 48.1 Choroid plexus: normal shape and location. The rostral end of the choroid plexus locates at the fastigium and extends to caudal and lateral directions on the inferior velum….
Fig. 63.1 The four curvatures of the adult vertebral column: “cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral.” Thoracic and sacral ones exist during fetal life and are called primary (1°) curvatures. The…
Fig. 21.1 Origin and classification of ependymomas. (a) Midfloor type. Sagittal T2-weighted image (a) shows tumor almost completely filling the fourth ventricle with a clear-cut cleavage with the vermis (arrowheads)….
Fig. 13.1 Schematic classification of intraoperative neurophysiology techniques in the posterior fossa surgery. Left panel: neurophysiological mapping allows to identify the functional landmarks such as the nuclei of motor cranial…
Fig. 34.1 (a) Focal medulla oblongata tumor with contrast enhancement, sagittal view. (b) Axial cut demonstrates a very thin layer of medulla. (c) Postoperative sagittal view. (d) Postoperative axial cut…
49.2.4 Treatment Algorithm Based upon the available literature, the experience of the prospective trial CPT-SIOP-2000, and expert opinion, an international meeting decided guidelines how choroid plexus tumors should be treated….
Fig. 39.1 Axial CT and MRI posterior fossa images of a 3 years old boy. CT section without contrast through the midpons level shows a hyperattenuated heterogeneous midline mass with…
Fig. 9.1 Lateral approaches to posterior cranial fossa and its contents In July 1897, Fedor Krause performed a unilateral suboccipital craniotomy in a patient with a tumor involving the CPA…
