Introduction Leptomeningeal spread occurs in both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) for all primary cancer types portends a very poor prognosis, with survival measured in weeks if…
Introduction Brain metastases are a frequent occurrence in patients with solid malignancies. Up to 40% of patients with solid tumors will develop brain metastases at some point in their disease…
Introduction Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is defined as lymphoma confined to the central nervous system (CNS) at presentation. By contrast, secondary CNS lymphoma represents a systemic lymphoma (i.e.,…
Introduction The broad definition of high-grade glioma encompasses all central nervous system neoplasms that are derived from glial components of the brain and show anaplasia (i.e., poor cellular differentiation, atypia,…
Introduction The understanding of low-grade gliomas has significantly changed over the past 10 years. Genomic and epigenetic discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of these cancers. For the first time, the…
Introduction Meningiomas are slow-growing extraaxial tumors that account for about 25% of all intracranial tumors. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies meningiomas as grade I, II, or III based upon…
Disclosures Dr. Ly has no disclosures. Dr. Jordan has research funding from the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Burke Foundation. He receives royalties from Elsevier…
Introduction There is significant overlap in the imaging appearance and presentation of dural-based mass lesions. The differential diagnosis includes both benign lesions (such as meningioma—WHO grade I) and more aggressive,…
Introduction Spinal cord tumors are uncommon causes of back pain, radicular pain, and sensorimotor deficits in adults and pediatric patients. Primary spinal tumors are less common than intracranial tumors and…
Introduction The posterior fossa is the infratentorial compartment of the cranial vault, which houses the cerebellum and the bulk of the brainstem. Tumors that occur in this region can arise…
