Perioperative Logistics
Introduction As with any other surgical operation, adequate preparation and planning prior to performing the procedure are crucial and paramount to obtaining an excellent result and minimizing complications. In the…
The Evaluation, Correction, and Prevention of Pathologic Facial Development Secondary to Craniosynostosis
Pathogenesis of Abnormal Facial Development Rapid brain growth in the first few months of life results in a rapidly expanding cranium and associated facial changes. The multiple sutures of the…
Background and Management Principles
Craniosynostosis, defined as the untimely and premature closure of a calvarial suture in an infant, leads to well-defined and described phenotypic deformational changes of the neocranium, endocranium, or both. The…
The History and Evolution of Craniosynostosis Surgery
Early Descriptions of Cranial Morphology and Cranial Sutures The first documented report describing the diversity of cranial morphology dates to 440 BCE in Herodotus’ work, The Histories ( Ἱστορίαι Historíai…
Multiple Suture Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis
Introduction As previously discussed in other chapters, single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis has the highest prevalence of the craniosynostosis, with sagittal synostosis being the most common followed by metopic, coronal, and…
Lambdoid Craniosynostosis
Introduction Perhaps of all single suture nonsyndromic craniosynostosis cases, premature closure of the lambdoid suture is one of the most difficult ones to diagnose. The primary reason is the confusion…
Final Thoughts and Conclusions
The original excitement of participating in large, complex and long surgical cases to treat craniosynostosis during our training years gave way to disappointment, frustration, and dissatisfaction with the long-term clinical…
Complications and Avoidance
Introduction Review of complications associated with the surgical treatment of craniosynostosis varies widely due to reports that extend over many years and epochs, as well as there being a large…
Postoperative Cranial Orthotic Therapy
Introduction to Cranial Remolding Programs Cranial remolding orthoses (CROs) were first described in the treatment of deformational plagiocephaly in 1979. The underlying principle of “directed growth” is accomplished by designing…
Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Craniosynostosis
Introduction Premature closure of both coronal sutures is most commonly seen in association with craniofacial syndromes and is known as syndromic bicoronal craniosynostosis (SBCS). A smaller subgroup of patients affected…
