FIGURE 25.1 Motor distribution of the nerves of the lower limb. (Modified from Basmajian JV. Grant’s Method of Anatomy. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1975.) (2) General. Examination or palpation…
FIGURE 9.1 Example of a typical week-at-a-glance sleep diary. 1. Adjustment (acute) insomnia. This term has been used to describe insomnia that immediately follows a clearly identifiable stressor and is expected to…
(Video 38.1). The onset of symptoms may be acute or subacute. The most common age of onset is 2 years. Prompt diagnosis of OMS is important because there is a…
FIGURE 3.1 The neurocognitive network for language. The core perisylvian language cortices lie within the dashed line and include Broca’s area in the inferior frontal gyrus, the supramarginal- and angular gyri…
TAKING A HEADACHE HISTORY Pertinent History 1. Establish an anchor in time: when did the headaches first appear and have they changed since that time? Is there a history of head…
Working memory depends on the integrity of the frontal lobes. More specifically, recent functional imaging studies have linked working memory to the dorsolateral prefrontal sector of the frontal lobes. A…
CRITERIA FOR DIAGNOSIS The following are the diagnostic guidelines for AD, VaD, DLB, and FTLD (the four most common causes of dementia in order). Also presented are the guidelines for…
Acute glaucoma is associated with orbital and adjacent facial pain but the diagnosis is usually obvious because of corneal clouding and other eye changes. Subacute glaucoma can be more subtle…
FIGURE 6.1 MRI showing left mesial temporal sclerosis. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS A. Metabolic–toxic and hypoxic insults. Patients with seizures attributable to metabolic or toxic causes have generalized tonic–clonic seizures,…
(2) Decerebrate posturing (upper and lower limb extension, uni- or bilateral) localizes the deficit to the midbrain (red nucleus). (3) If required, noxious stimuli include rubbing the sternum, or applying firm but…
