CHAPTER 26 Neuroendocrinology       I.  Hypothalamus            A.  Hormones that affect pituitary function                  1.  Corticotropin-releasing hormone: mainly from the paraventricular nucleus; stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH); stimulated by stress, exercise; inhibited by glucocorticoids through negative feedback…

CHAPTER 29 Child Psychiatry Child Pharmacology       I.  General Concepts            A.  Pharmacokinetics: different in children                  1.  Drug distribution                       a.  Less fatty tissue (less drug storage in fat)                       b.  Protein binding may be unpredictable.                       c.  Weight changes more…

CHAPTER 9 Headache Syndromes       I.  Headache Syndromes            A.  The International Headache Classification (ICHD) of primary and secondary headaches                  1.  Primary headaches                       a.  Migraine                               i.  Migraine without aura                              ii.  Migraine with aura                             iii.  Childhood periodic syndromes that are…

CHAPTER 11 Epilepsy and Related Disorders       I.  Miscellaneous            A.  Definitions                  1.  Seizure: reflects a sudden, sustained, and simultaneous discharge of very large numbers of neurons, either within a region of the brain or…

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CHAPTER 22 Neurourology       I.  Micturition            A.  Involves coordination of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)            B.  Initiated by cerebral cortex            C.  First step is relaxation of striated external urethral sphincter (EUS)…

CHAPTER 15 Neurotoxicology and Nutritional Disorders       I.  Heavy Metals            A.  Arsenic                  1.  Pathophysiology: a primary source is pesticides; reacts with sulfhydryl groups of proteins and interferes with several steps of metabolism in the…

CHAPTER 25 Neurorehabilitation       I.  Background and General Principles: approximately 500 million people worldwide are disabled in some way; prevalence: one in 10 of the world population; three main groups of roughly…

CHAPTER 7 Neurocritical Care       I.  Critical Care Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke            A.  Acute ischemic stroke management is discussed more extensively in Chapter 5. Majority of stroke patients are managed on a…

      I.  NCS and EMG            A.  Basic neurophysiology                  1.  Action potential (AP) generation                       a.  Definition: a self-propagating regenerative change in membrane potential                       b.  Originally found to be the result of sodium/potassium channels via voltage clamp experiments…