NEUROSURGERY

Tics and Tourette syndrome

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Chapter 16 Tics and Tourette syndrome Chapter contents Introduction 350 Phenomenology of tics 351 Clinical features of Tourette syndrome 353 Pathogenesis 359 Genetics 366 Etiology of tics (secondary tourettism) 368…

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Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia

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Chapter 3 Functional neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia Chapter contents Introduction 55 Neurotransmitters 55 Components of the basal ganglia 60 Circuitry of the basal ganglia 62 Physiology 64 Introduction The…

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Stereotypies

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Chapter 17 Stereotypies Chapter contents Pathophysiology of stereotypies 380 Physiologic stereotypies 382 Developmental disorders 382 Schizophrenia and catatonia 386 Obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders 386 Other stereotypies 387 Treatment 388…

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Psychogenic movement disorders

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Chapter 25 Psychogenic movement disorders Phenomenology, diagnosis, and treatment Chapter contents Introduction 513 Degree of certainty of the diagnosis of a psychogenic movement disorder 516 Definitions of psychiatric terminology 517…

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Restless legs and peripheral movement disorders

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Chapter 23 Restless legs and peripheral movement disorders Chapter contents Restless legs syndrome and periodic movements of sleep 496 Peripheral movement disorders 500 Restless legs syndrome and periodic movements of…

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Stiffness syndromes

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Chapter 11 Stiffness syndromes Chapter contents Spasticity 250 Stiff-person (stiff-man) syndrome 252 Syndromes of continuous muscle activity 255 Muscle stiffness may be the presenting symptom in many disorders of the…

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Treatment of dystonia

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Chapter 13 Treatment of dystonia Chapter contents Physical and supportive therapy 294 Dopaminergic therapy 295 Antidopaminergic therapy 295 Anticholinergic therapy 296 Other pharmacologic therapies 296 Botulinum toxin 298 Surgical treatment…

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Wilson disease

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Chapter 24 Wilson disease Chapter contents Wilson disease 507 Treatment of Wilson disease 510 Hereditary deficiency of ceruloplasmin 512 Wilson disease Wilson disease is an inborn error of copper metabolism…

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Motor control

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Chapter 2 Motor control Physiology of voluntary and involuntary movements Chapter contents Segmental inputs onto the alpha motoneuron 36 Supraspinal control of the alpha motoneuron 37 The basal ganglia 38…

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Ataxia

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Chapter 21 Ataxia Pathophysiology and clinical syndromes Chapter contents Sporadic ataxia 465 Genetic ataxia 467 Diagnostic plan 474 Recovery from cerebellar injury; therapy 474 Ataxia is the type of clumsiness…

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