Approach to the Patient with Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension, Sexual and Urinary Dysfunction, and Other Autonomic Disorders Emilio Oribe Bhuwan P. Garg The autonomic nervous system (ANS) maintains internal homeostasis and…
Approach to the Patient with Acute Muscle Weakness Holli A. Horak Muscular weakness implies lack or diminution of muscle strength, which leads to an inability to perform the usual function…
Approach to the Hypokinetic Patient Robert L. Rodnitzky Ergun Y. Uc Hypokinesia is defined as a decrease in the amount and amplitude of both volitional and automatic movements and is…
Approach to the Hyperkinetic Patient Javier Pagonabarraga Christopher Goetz Hyperkinetic movement disorders are abnormal involuntary movements characterized by excessive movement. It may be classified as tremor, dystonia, chorea, myoclonus, and…
Approach to the Patient with Acute Sensory Loss David H. Mattson Oldrich J. Kolar Evaluation of acute sensory loss involves clinical assessment of the nature of the sensory loss (Section…
Approach to the Patient with Failed Back Syndrome Russ P. Nockels Michael W. Groff Although commonly used as a diagnostic term, failed back syndrome (FBS) is a misnomer. The term…
Approach to the Patient with Lower Extremity Pain, Paresthesias, and Entrapment Neuropathies Gregory Gruener Lower extremity pain and paresthesia are common symptoms of peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders. Diagnosing a…
Approach to the Patient with Upper Extremity Pain, Paresthesias, and Entrapment Neuropathies Mark A. Ross Upper extremity (UE) pain and paresthesias are common clinical complaints that often accompany reversible peripheral…
Approach to the Patient with Low Back Pain, Lumbosacral Radiculopathy, and Lumbar Stenosis Paul B. Nelson A. Acute low back pain. Back pain is extremely common. Most adults can remember…
Approach to the Patient with Neck Pain and/or Arm Pain Scott A. Shapiro I. TRAUMATIC NECK PAIN WITHOUT ARM PAIN A. Introduction. Trauma to the neck secondary to a motor…
