Vertebral Resection
In situ fusion Stapling Growing rods Shilla Vertebral resection VEPTR Applicability in severe deformities + + ++ ++ +++ ++ Correction, rate/speed + + ++ ++ +++ + Grade…
Imaging of the Growing Spine
, Peter O. Newton2, 3 , Christine L. Farnsworth2 and Kevin Parvaresh3 (1) Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (2) Division of Orthopedics, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, San Diego, CA,…
Convex Growth Arrest for Congenital Scoliosis
Fig. 40.1 (a) Thoracolumbar scoliosis and (b) concurrent sagittal plane deformity in a 4-year-old male patient who was treated with uninstrumented anterior convex growth arrest. Four-year follow-up radiographs show almost…
Relevant Biomechanics to Growth Modulation
Orthopedic biomaterial Modulus of elasticity Ceramic 400 Co-Cr alloys 210 Stainless steel 190 TAV (Ti-6Al-4 V) 110 Tendon 50 Cortical bone 12–24 PMMA bone cement 2.2 Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene…
The Growing Spine in Marfan and Loeys–Dietz Syndromes
Role of nonoperative management Curves become large at a young age Brace early or not at all; avoid in low-yield situations Comprehensive imaging Image entire spine MRI before surgery in…
Intraspinal Pathology
Fig. 15.1 Congenital spinal malformations; disordered embryogenesis during formation of neural tube from neural ectoderm results with myelomeningocele, while different forms of occult dysraphism may occur due to mesodermal disarrangement…
Sports and Sports-Related Injuries in the Growing Spine
Fig. 22.1 SPECT 22.3.2 Muscle Strain Muscle strains are a common cause of back pain in the pediatric and adolescent athlete. They have been estimated to occur in 27 %…
Spinal Deformity in Metabolic Disorders
Disorder and OMIM link Pathophysiology and inheritance Typical features Treatment Association with spinal deformity Rickets like disorders Vitamin D-deficient rickets Vitamin D deficiency from poor dietary intact, often breastfed,…
Treatment of Spinal Deformity in Cerebral Palsy
Neuropathic Upper motor neuron Cerebral palsy Spinocerebellar degeneration Friedreich ataxia Charcot–Marie–Tooth Roussy–Levy Syringomyelia Spinal cord tumor Spinal cord trauma Lower motor neuron Poliomyelitis and other viral myelitides Traumatic Spinal muscle…
Outcomes in Children with Early-Onset Scoliosis
Fig. 55.1 A representative case highlighting difficulty and variability in decision-making in patients with early-onset scoliosis. Members of the Children’s Spine Foundation exhibited significant inter- and intra-observer variability in treatment…
