Pituitary Apoplexy
8 Pituitary Apoplexy Kalmon D. Post, John S. C. Shiau, and Jane Walsh Pituitary apoplexy is a neurosurgical emergency in which prompt intervention may halt and even reverse the neurologic…
Athletic Injuries and Their Differential Diagnosis
20 Athletic Injuries and Their Differential Diagnosis Vincent J. Miele and Julian E. Bailes Participation in sports carries an inherent risk of injury to the athlete. This population presents a…
The Intensive Care Management of Spine- and Spinal Cord-Injured Patients
18 The Intensive Care Management of Spine-and Spinal Cord-Injured Patients Joshua E. Medow and Daniel K. Resnick In North America acute spinal cord injury affects between 12,000 and 14,000 people…
Summary and Synopsis of the Brain Trauma Foundation Head Injury Guidelines
16 Summary and Synopsis of the Brain Trauma Foundation Head Injury Guidelines Vin Mathur and Jack Jallo Trauma, and in particular neurotrauma, takes a large toll on society. Of the…
Convulsive and Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus
14 Convulsive and Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Lawrence J. Hirsch and Timothy A. Pedley Definition Status epilepticus (SE) has been defined as continuous or repetitive seizure activity without full or complete…
Neuroanatomy
1 Neuroanatomy Cranial Vasculature Skull Ventricles Autonomic System The Meninges Cortex Cerebellum Brainstem Cranial Nerves Spine and Peripheral Nerve Cases Cranial Vasculature 1. How can one distinguish the internal carotid…
Cranial Neurosurgery
General History and Physical Examination 1. What is the most common type of headache? Tension headache 2. What lesions can produce a head tilt? Trochlear (IVth) nerve palsy, anterior vermis…
Neuropathology
Congenital 1. With regards to brain development, what are the primary brain vesicles? What secondary brain vesicles do they give rise to? The neural tube gives rise to the following…
Neurophysiology
2 Neurophysiology General Cases General 1. How does magnesium prevent excitotoxicity in brain injury? Magnesium readily crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blocks various subtypes of calcium and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)…
