Seizures and Quantitative EEG
Fig. 4.1 An example compressed spectral array (CSA). Panels, top to bottom: left parietal average signal, left temporal average signal, right temporal average signal, right parietal average signal, relative asymmetry…
Electrolyte Disturbances and Critical Care Seizures
Fig. 18.1 Transport of water, gases, and electrolytes across the blood–brain barrier. Small lipophilic molecules passively diffuse through endothelial cells, while the transport of electrolytes and water is tightly regulated…
Global Hypoxia-Ischemia and Critical Care Seizures
Fig. 13.1 DWI MRI of the brain 29 h later demonstrating diffuse abnormalities, especially in the basal ganglia, thalamus, insular and occipital cortices Fig. 13.2 DWI MRI of the brain…
Spreading Depolarizations and Seizures in Clinical Subdural Electrocorticographic Recordings
Fig. 5.1 SD and IEE. (a) SD is observed as a large negative DC shift (first trace, full-band recording between 0 and 45 Hz). (A) shows the amplitude and (B)…
Diagnosing and Monitoring Seizures in the ICU: The Role of Continuous EEG for Detection and Management of Seizures in Critically Ill Patients, Including the Ictal-Interictal Continuum
Fig. 3.1 Incidence of nonconvulsive seizures in different populations of critically ill children and adults. The confidence intervals were not reported by the studies, but were calculated based on the…
Ischemic Stroke, Hyperperfusion Syndrome, Cerebral Sinus Thrombosis, and Critical Care Seizures
Study Type of study No of patients Type of stroke Total seizures Early seizures Late seizures Epilepsy Louis and McDowell [10] R 1000 Isc 7.7% 3.3% 2.7% 3% early, 81%…
Traumatic Brain Injury and Critical Care Seizures
Fig. 11.1 CT examples of findings associated with post-traumatic seizures . (a) Right subdural hematoma. (b) Left frontal contusion. (c) Multiple skull fractures Other factors that can predispose to the…
Fulminant Hepatic Failure, Multiorgan Failure and Endocrine Crisis and Critical Care Seizures
Grade Symptoms 0 No abnormality present I Short-term memory loss, reversal of sleep/wake cycle II Asterixis, apathy, inappropriate behavior, confusion, lethargy III Stupor, marked confusion, incoherent speech IV Comatose Adapted…
Brain Tumors and Critical Care Seizures
Fig. 12.1 A 63-year-old man with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsils to the brain. Patient had two large metastases, one in the right parieto-occipital area (resected, with recurrence)…
Organ Transplant Recipients and Critical Care Seizures
Transplant organ Incidence of seizures (%) Liver 4–8 [79–82] Bone marrow transplant 2–20 [2–3, 83–85] Heart 2–9 [76, 86–88] Kidney 2–6 [1, 89] Lung 6–10 [90–91] Pancreas 13 [92] Intestinal…
