Examination of the Motor Cranial Nerves V, VII, IX, X, XI, and XII
To those I address, it is unnecessary to go farther, than to indicate that the nerves treated of in these papers are the instruments of expression, from the smile upon…
Examination of the Special Senses
And there I stood, a man grown, shaking in the sunshine with that old boyish emotion brought back to me by an odour! … Often and often have I known…
Examination of the Patient Who Has a Disorder of Consciousness
I may speak alike to you and my own conscious heart. —Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822) I. EVALUATION OF CONSCIOUSNESS A. Two definitions of consciousness: intuitive and operational 1. Intuitively, we define consciousness…
The Patient’s Mental Status and Higher Cerebral Functions
As not only the disease interested the physician, but he was strongly moved to look into the character and qualities of the patient. … He deemed it essential, it would…
Examination of the General Somatosensory System
Nature, indeed has had a triple end in view in the distribution of nerves: she wished to give sensibility to organs of perception, movement to organs of locomotion, and to…
Examination for Cerebellar Dysfunction
But how great was his apprehension, when he farther understood, that [the force of parturition] acting upon the very vertex of the head, not only injured the brain itself, or…
Ancillary Neurodiagnostic Procedures—Lumbar Puncture and Neuroimaging
We have instruments of precision in increasing numbers with which we and our hospital assistants at untold expense make tests and take observations, the vast majority of which are but…
Examination of the Central Ocular Motor Systems
TABLE 5-1 • The Five Major Eye-Movement Systems System Function or characteristic Saccadic system Produces all volitional movements and the fast phase of reflex eye movements (frontal lobe) Fixation (position…
Clinical and Laboratory Tests to Distinguish Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurologic Symptom Disorder) from Organic Disease
Much will be gained if we succeed in transforming your hysterical misery into common unhappiness. —Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) I. THE GENERAL CLINICAL FEATURES OF CONVERSION DISORDER (FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGIC SYMPTOM DISORDER) A. Definition…
A Synopsis of the Neurologic Investigation and a Formulary of Neurodiagnosis
In clinical situations there are three principal factors that can legitimately influence the decision making process. These are: 1. The scientific evidence 2. The practitioner’s clinical experience 3. The practical…
