Second Level: The Brainstem
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS are integrated and regulated by a…
Third Level: The Hypothalamus
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract The hypothalamus is a phylogenetically ancient part of the CNS, and its structure has…
Clinical Implications of the Timed Autonomic Nervous System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract There are many reasons for the lack of sleep in our society that operates…
First Level: Peripheral Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract The periphery of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) comprises two parts: the sympathetic and…
The Timed Autonomic Nervous System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract As the Earth rotates on its axis, it has two distinct environments: light and…
Fourth Level: The Limbic System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract In a simplified view, brain function can be considered the product of the neocortex…
The Enlarged Autonomic Nervous System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract The traditional view of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) considers only its peripheral part,…
Clinical Implications of the Enlarged Autonomic Nervous System
(1) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina Abstract Since the ANS is extensively involved in the function of almost every organ system,…
Diseases of the Spinal Nerve Roots and Peripheral Nerves
13.1 Radicular Syndromes 13.2 Peripheral Nerve Lesions Down the Garden Path The patient, a 52-year-old office worker, had been receiving intramuscular vitamin B12 injections every month for the past 3 years because…
Diseases of the Cranial Nerves
12.1 Disturbances of Smell (Olfactory Nerve) 12.2 Neurologic Disturbances of Vision (Optic Nerve) 12.3 Disturbances of Ocular and Pupillary Motility 12.4 Lesions of the Trigeminal Nerve 12.5 Lesions of the Facial Nerve 12.6 Disturbances of Hearing…
