Neuro-ophthalmology evaluation
Introduction As technological advances allow greater virtual connectivity for many aspects of business and social life, the medical field is also developing innovative ways to extend our care. Certain specialties…
NEUROLOGY
The ophthalmologic exam
Introduction A comprehensive ophthalmic exam can be critical to the diagnosis and management of neurological conditions. Composed of eight different parts, certain components of a complete ophthalmic exam are easily…
Telemedicine for evaluation of clinical epilepsy
Introduction Epilepsy management encompasses a spectrum of disease acuity and locations. Whether providing chronic disease management in the outpatient setting, acute consults in the hospital for new onset or breakthrough…
Responding to a crisis: A call to action
Introduction As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) escalated into a global pandemic, health system scrambled to prepare for surge conditions. Patient loads increased exponentially, and state governmental agencies advised hospitals to…
The telemedicine exam general overview
The concept of telemedicine has been part of our human experience since ancient history, and really parallels the advancement in communication over the centuries. The idea of being able to…
Alzheimer’s neuropathology in Down syndrome: From gestation to old age
Introduction At the turn of the twentieth century, Dr. Alois Alzheimer described a form of progressive presenile dementia in a female patient named Auguste Deter, who developed memory loss and…
Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction Elizabeth Heada,*; Mark Mapstoneb; Ira T. Lottb,c a Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, United Statesb Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine,…
Oxidative stress and mTOR in Down syndrome brain: Link to Alzheimer’s dysmetabolism, neuropathology, and possible therapies
Genetics of oxidative stress in Down syndrome Growing studies support the hypothesis that oxidative stress (OS) contributes to neurodevelopmental defects, neuronal dysfunction, as well as the accelerated aging phenotype of…
PET imaging in Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease
Introduction Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are at extremely high risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with the vast majority of adults with DS developing AD neuropathology by 40 years of…
Magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for cognitive decline in Down syndrome
Introduction The link between Down syndrome (DS), aging, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is well established (see Chapter 1). In people with DS, dementia prevalence increases with age. In those who…
