Signaling at the Nerve-Muscle Synapse: Directly Gated Transmission The Neuromuscular Junction Is a Well-Studied Example of Directly Gated Synaptic Transmission The Motor Neuron Excites the Muscle by Opening Ligand-Gated…
Review of Basic Circuit Theory Basic Electrical Parameters Potential Difference (V or E) Current (I) Conductance (g) Capacitance (C) Rules for Circuit Analysis Conductance Current Capacitance Potential Difference Current…
Prefrontal Cortex, Hippocampus, and the Biology of Explicit Memory Storage Working Memory Depends on Persistent Neural Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex Intrinsic Membrane Properties Can Generate Persistent Activity Network…
Voluntary Movement: The Parietal and Premotor Cortex Voluntary Movement Expresses an Intention to Act Voluntary Movement Requires Sensory Information About the World and the Body Reaching for an Object…
Experience and the Refinement of Synaptic Connections Development of Human Mental Function Is Influenced by Early Experience Early Experience Has Lifelong Effects on Social Behaviors Development of Visual Perception…
The Inner Ear The Ear Has Three Functional Parts Hearing Commences with the Capture of Sound Energy by the Ear The Hydrodynamic and Mechanical Apparatus of the Cochlea Delivers…
Voluntary Movement: The Primary Motor Cortex Motor Functions Are Localized within the Cerebral Cortex Many Cortical Areas Contribute to the Control of Voluntary Movements Voluntary Motor Control Appears to…
Locomotion A Complex Sequence of Muscle Contractions Is Required for Stepping The Motor Pattern for Stepping Is Organized at the Spinal Level Contraction in Flexor and Extensor Muscles of…
