Figure 87.1. Brain computed tomography of a patient with intraventricular hemorrhage of cerebellar origin and associated hydrocephalus. The clinical presentation is not specific; characteristic symptoms and signs include: elevated intracranial…
Figure 46.1. Subtype mechanism of ischemia in patients between 20 and 44 (white bar) and more than 45 years (black bar) of age at first stroke in the Northern Manhattan…
Poul Anderson (1926-2001) 28.1 Introduction Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is still the leading cause of death in patients with acute brain damage and especially in those with severe traumatic brain injury…
Figure 22.1. Effect of increasing intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in closed and open-chest animals on intracranial pressure (ICP) and pleural pressure (PP). A. ICP: solid line closed chest, dotted line animals…
Figure 53.1. Intraventricular hemorrhage in a 45-year-old man due to a left caudate hemorrhage extending caudally to the fourth ventricle. Predominance of blood in the fourth ventricle with associated subarachnoid…
Figure 91.1. Sequence of photographs showing involuntary movements in a patient with acute thalamic stroke, with flexion and external rotation of the lower limbs and eversion of both feet (myoclonic…
Figure 77.1. EEG burst suppression pattern (HF 70 Hz, LF 1 Hz SEN 5 μV/mm) [54]. Burst suppression pattern is used as a clinical tool to avoid over-medicating when the…
Figure 69.1. Enlargement of hematoma due to warfarin anticoagulation. 64 year old woman with hypertension and atrial fibrillation, receiving long-term warfarin oral anticoagulation for cardioembolic stroke prevention. Initial INR 4.5….
Figure 3.1. Pressure/volume curve. Compliance should be evaluated together with ICP. There are two methods to obtain it, both of which are invasive and potentially related to risks (infections, herniation,…
Figure 70.1. Pro-con red blood cell transfusion. Transfusion of red blood cells, may, however be associated with negative effects. The delivery of oxygen to the tissue can be lower than…
