Age (years) Lumbar CSF/serum ratio of albumin range (×10−3) Newborn <28 1–15 4–5 15–60 5–8 60–90 8–10 9.5 Interpretation A dysfunction of the blood-CSF barrier, i.e. abnormal elevation of Q-Alb,…
Age (years) Lumbar total protein range (mg/L) Newborn <1,700 1–15 90–350 16–60 150–450 8.4 Interpretation Many acute inflammatory diseases of the CNS are characterized by a mild to moderate increase…
Needle Comparison Advantages Disadvantages Length Short Children – Long Adults or obese patients Procedure more difficult Diameter Small Less complications, pain, discomfort, blood contaminations, medication, and medical assistance Slow flow,…
Fig. 5.1 Flowchart of pre-analytical steps in CSF analysis and common variability factors influencing outcome measures To generate recommendations for pre-analytical procedures, a distinction can be made between analysis of…
Fig. 3.1 Relationship between CSF–serum ratio of blood (white circles) and brain-derived (black circles) compounds and their hydrodynamic radius under “steady-state” conditions (Modified according to Felgenhauer (1995)). Alb albumin, α2-M…
and Cheng-Ying Ho2 (1) Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (2) Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, USA General Considerations Routine biomarkers in use in…
and Cheng-Ying Ho2 (1) Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (2) Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, USA Diffuse Gliomas in Adults Clinical and Pathologic…
and Cheng-Ying Ho2 (1) Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (2) Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, USA Current Biomarkers in Neoplastic Neuropathology Enormous advances…
and Cheng-Ying Ho2 (1) Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (2) Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, USA General Considerations One of the main advantages…
and Cheng-Ying Ho2 (1) Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (2) Pathology, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, USA General Considerations Biobanks are biorepositories of human…
