Benign Spinal Tumors
46 Benign Spinal Tumors Manish K. Kasliwal, Lee A. Tan, Carter S. Gerard, John E. O’Toole, and Richard G. Fessler Abstract Primary benign tumors of the spinal column are much…
Operating Room Setup
8 Operating Room Setup Lee A. Tan, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Manish K. Kasliwal, and Richard G. Fessler Abstract This chapter reviews the general concept of operating room layout, equipment, equipment…
Posterior Thoracic Microdiscectomy
23 Posterior Thoracic Microdiscectomy Robert E. Isaacs, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, and Steven H. Cook Abstract Posterior thoracic microdiscectomy via the transfacet pedicle-sparing and transpedicular approaches provides safe and minimally invasive…
Clinical Outcome Analyses
49 Clinical Outcome Analyses Dino Samartzis, Devanand A. Dominique, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Michael G. Fehlings, and David R. Nerenz Abstract Increasingly attention has been focused on the tenets of evidence-based…
Cervical Case Studies
22 Cervical Case Studies Mick J. Perez-Cruet, Richard G. Fessler, and Michael Y. Wang Abstract This chapter reviews a number of cervical cases using a variety of minimally invasive approaches….
Far-Lateral Microdiscectomy
34 Far-Lateral Microdiscectomy Lee A. Tan, Carter S. Gerard, Mick J. Perez-Cruet, and Richard G. Fessler Abstract Far-lateral lumbar disc herniations are much less common than paramedian disc herniations and…
Pathophysiology of Back Pain
5 Pathophysiology of Back Pain Jorge Mendoza-Torres and Mick J. Perez-Cruet Abstract This chapter reviews the definition of back pain and some of the pathophysiological factors leading to back pain….
Posterior Cervical Microforaminotomy and Discectomy
18 Posterior Cervical Microforaminotomy and Discectomy Carter S. Gerard, Lee A. Tan, and Richard G. Fessler Abstract Posterior cervical microforaminotomy and discectomy is an effective minimally invasive surgical technique that…
Establishing an Ambulatory Spine Surgery Center
10 Establishing an Ambulatory Spine Surgery Center Richard N.W. Wohns, Hiroshi W. Nakano, and Laura Miller Dyrda Abstract Outpatient spine surgery allows the spine surgeon to maintain tight control of…
Thoracoscopic Discectomy and Thoracoscopy-Assisted Tubular Retractor Discectomy
25 Thoracoscopic Discectomy and Thoracoscopy-Assisted Tubular Retractor Discectomy Hyun-Chul Shin, Jonathan B. Lesser, Robert E. Isaacs, and Noel I. Perin Abstract In patients with symptomatic, large, centrally located and calcified…
