Neupsy Key

Choreas Joseph Jankovic Stanley Fahn INTRODUCTION Chorea is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by continual, jerk-like movements that flow randomly from one body part to another. Patients may be able…

Tardive Dyskinesia and Other Neuroleptic-Induced Syndromes Un Jung Kang Robert E. Burke Stanley Fahn INTRODUCTION Antipsychotic drugs are commonly called neuroleptics because they often induce parkinsonism. They also cause other…

Hereditary and Acquired Ataxias Rachel Saunders-Pullman Susan B. Bressman Roger N. Rosenberg INTRODUCTION Ataxia is characterized by incoordination, and herein we describe ataxias that are due to lesions in the…

Myoclonus Pichet Termsarasab Steven J. Frucht INTRODUCTION Myoclonus is characterized by lightning-like muscle jerks. Electrophysiologically, these jerks are associated with electromyographic discharges that are relatively short in duration compared to…

Hemifacial Spasm Paul Greene INTRODUCTION In hemifacial spasm (HFS) there are involuntary contractions on one side of the face in muscles innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) (Figs….

Dystonia Stanley Fahn INTRODUCTION After parkinsonism, dystonia is the most common movement disorder encountered in movement disorder clinics. The term dystonia was coined by Oppenheim in 1911 to indicate that…

Restless Legs Syndrome William G. Ondo INTRODUCTION Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease (WED), is clinically defined by the presence of four positive criteria: (1) an urge…

Tics and Tourette Syndrome Stanley Fahn Daphne Robakis INTRODUCTION Tics are brief, sudden, repetitive movements (motor tics) or utterances (phonic or vocal tics) that are temporarily suppressible and are usually…

Essential Tremor Elan D. Louis INTRODUCTION Essential tremor (ET) is a chronic, progressive neurologic disease. The hallmark motor feature is a 4- to 12-Hz kinetic tremor (tremor occurring during voluntary…

Neurosarcoidosis John C. M. Brust INTRODUCTION Sarcoidosis is a multisystem, granulomatous disease of unknown cause. Sarcoid granulomas resemble those of tuberculosis but lack tubercle bacilli or caseation, although central necrosis…