Mild Cognitive Impairment and the Role of Imaging Laura A. Flashman Barbara L. Malamut Andrew J. Saykin Recent research continues to advance our understanding of the boundary between normal aging…

Dementia: Behavioral and Cognitive Aspects Barbara L. Malamut Laurie M. Ryan Recognition that a person is experiencing a decline in mental status can often be obvious, especially to the physician…

Dementia: Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment Bryan K. Woodruff DEFINITION Dementia is a progressive cognitive disorder that results in disability for affected individuals and an increasing burden for caregivers and the…

Dementia: Risk Factors and Genetics Richard J. Caselli ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE Purported risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) encompass acquired and genetic factors and are summarized in Table 21-1. ACQUIRED FACTORS…

Cognitive Effects of Head Trauma in the Older Adult Laurie M. Ryan Judith R. O’Jile Head injury, a frequent occurrence in the United States and other industrialized nations, is the…

Spontaneous and Traumatic Cerebral Hemorrhage in the Elderly Eelco F.M. Wijdicks Cerebral hemorrhage, which is common in the vulnerable elderly population, typically refers to hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, traumatic lobar contusions,…

Cognitive Effects of Stroke and Hemorrhage Henry J. Riordan Laura A. Flashman RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STROKE AND COGNITION Because the incidence of stroke increases sharply with age, doubling every decade after…

Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease Scott E. Kasner Julio A. Chalela Susan L. Hickenbottom DEFINITION OF TERMS Stroke is a clinical syndrome characterized by rapidly developing symptoms or signs of focal neurologic…

Incontinence and Sexual Dysfunction in the Elderly Edmund Y. Ko Sneha S. Vaish Donald E. Novicki Dean M. Wingerchuk Elliot M. Frohman Urinary incontinence (UI) is a very common complaint…

Back and Neck Pain H. Gordon Deen Jr. Acute pain in the back or neck is one of the most common symptoms experienced by older adults. Virtually every adult has…