Neuropathology of Parkinsonian Disorders
The most common parkinsonian disorders can be assigned to one of two categories based on biochemical and structural abnormalities in two major proteins in the central nervous system—tau protein or…
Functional Neuroimaging in Movement Disorders
Advances in imaging have improved our understanding of several neurologic disorders; this is perhaps especially true for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), and other disorders of basal ganglia function, where structural…
Dystonic Disorders
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The primary objective of this chapter is to provide an updated review on the diagnosis, classification, etiology, and pathophysiology of dystonia. Therapeutic approaches are covered separately (see Chapter…
Essential Tremor and Other Tremors
Related posts: Neurologic Aspects of Wilson’s Disease: Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Considerations Catatonia Treatment of Dystonia Cell-Based Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease Myoclonus and Exaggerated Startle Syndrome Neuroacanthocytosis
Botulinum Toxin in Movement Disorders
INTRODUCTION Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are highly poisonous substances that can be efficaciously used as medications to treat movement disorders. Accidental poisoning leads to botulism, a potentially deadly disease commonly caused…
Neuroacanthocytosis
INTRODUCTION The term “acanthocytosis” is derived from Greek to describe “thorny” red blood cells. The actual process resulting in the formation of acanthocytes is not known. Echinocytes, which are found…
Sleep and Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease
Sleep disorders and fatigue are clinically relevant problems that are increasingly recognized as an integral part of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The interest in these topics is attested by the large…
Surgery for Parkinson’s Disease
INTRODUCTION Despite the recent remarkable advances in science that have delivered new pharmaceutical and other therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment, there remains a select group of patients who…
Paroxysmal Dyskinesias
Paroxysmal movement disorders are defined as abnormal involuntary movements that are intermittent or episodic in nature, with sudden onset and variable duration, and with no change in consciousness (1). The…
Restless Legs Syndrome and Akathisia
CLINICAL RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is clinically defined by the presence of four criteria: (1) an urge to move the limbs with or without sensations, (2) worsening…
